Two particles of equal mass $m$ go round a circle of radius $R$ under the action of their mutual gravitational attraction. The speed of each particle is

Three equal masses of $m \; kg$ each are fixed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle $ABC.$
$(a)$ What is the force acting on a mass $2 \; m$ placed at the centroid $G$ of the triangle?
$(b)$ What is the force if the mass at the vertex $A$ is doubled?
Take $AG = BG = CG = 1 \; m$.

Two particles of equal mass $m$ each move in a circle of radius $r$ under the action of their mutual gravitational attraction. The time period of each particle is

The gravitational force acting on a particle,due to a solid sphere of uniform density and radius $R$,at a distance of $3 R$ from the centre of the sphere is $F_1$. $A$ spherical hole of radius $(R / 2)$ is now made in the sphere as shown in the figure. The sphere with hole now exerts a force $F_2$ on the same particle. The ratio of $F_1$ and $F_2$ is

Mean solar day is the time interval between two successive noons when the sun passes through the zenith point (meridian). $A$ sidereal day is the time interval between two successive transits of a distant star through the zenith point (meridian). By drawing an appropriate diagram showing the earth's spin and orbital motion,show that the mean solar day is $4\,\text{min}$ longer than the sidereal day. In other words,distant stars would rise $4\,\text{min}$ early every successive day.

The correct graph representing the variation of total energy $(E_t)$,kinetic energy $(E_k)$,and potential energy $(U)$ of a satellite with its distance $(r)$ from the centre of the Earth is: